Inflammation is the body's defensive response to an attack, whether it be an infection or an injury. Acute inflammation is a rapid, short-lived reaction aimed at eliminating the attacking agent and repairing tissue. Managing inflammation is essential to preventing complications and improving patients' quality of life.
Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium of major medical interest due to its role in the development of several gastric diseases (chronic gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, gastric adenocarcinoma, MALT lymphoma).
The infection is widespread worldwide, affecting a large part of the population, particularly in developing countries. In France, the prevalence is estimated at between 15 and 30%.
The balance of the gut microbiota is fundamental for human health because it directly influences many essential biological processes. The gut hosts trillions of microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, viruses, and archaea) that together form a dynamic ecosystem. When this ecosystem is balanced, it supports homeostasis, but when it is disturbed (a state called dysbiosis), it can contribute to disease.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a term for a group of chronic inflammatory conditions that affect the gastrointestinal tract.
Traditionally considered a disease of Western, industrialized nations, IBD is now an emerging global health concern. While prevalence rates have been high and are now stabilizing in North America, Europe, and Oceania, the incidence of IBD is rising rapidly in newly industrialized countries.
The gut-skin axis corresponds to a complex network of bidirectional communication between the digestive tract and the skin. This interaction is mediated by several mechanisms: the production of microbial metabolites, modulation of the immune system, and the action of hormones and neuroendocrine signals that connect the enteric nervous system to the skin.
In mice, studying this axis allows us to model how the gut microbiota/intestinal integrity influence skin physiology and the integrity of the skin barrier.
Healthy aging has emerged as a crucial issue with the increase in the geriatric population worldwide.
Aging is an intricate biological process leading to a progressive decline in the body's physiological functions. This results from a combination of cellular and molecular changes accumulating over time, such as DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the accumulation of senescent cells. This process is highly individual, making biological age often different from chronological age.