Background of model of oral care

Dental plaque is a complex mixed polymicrobial community consisting of more than 500 different bacterial and fungal species that can cause varying degrees of severity of disease, such as caries, periodontitis, or gingivitis. This dental plaque is mainly due to the formation of a spatially organised and highly complex biofilm, i.e. a multicellular structure embedded in a self-produced extracellular matrix, colonizing a biotic or abiotic surface.
Four main microorganisms are largely responsible for the formation of dental plaque biofilm: