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A direct link between climate change and infectious diseases can be explained by one notion: the one health concept.

As a reminder, the one health concept is a concept that stand for the interconnection of human – animal and environment health. Dysregulating one aspect can have an impact on others. In this specific case, the three notions of health are interconnected. As a consequence of climate change, scientists predict that wild animals will be forced to relocate their habitats and will most likely be closer to human population or to farmed animals.

In almost 1 / 4 of the sites monitored worldwide, the concentrations of medicine found in rivers exceed  the levels recommended preserving aquatic biodiversity or to prevent antibiotic resistance: that is one of the outcomes of a study performed through the University of York (United Kingdom), in collaboration with 86 studies institutes, including  the National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and the Environment (Inrae) in France.

Nowadays, we face the Covid-19 pandemics but under our radar the silent pandemic is rising. It is common to hear about the outbreaks of flu, malaria, or outbreaks from new Covid-19 variant. It is less common to heard about the outbreaks of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) referred as the silent pandemic.

The one health concept intends to avoid new pandemics by having a systemic point of view of the situation. We can take the concept as a two pillars solution. On the one hand by controlling the exposition of livestock with wildlife to reduce the cross-contamination and on the other hand by controlling the risk of emerging diseases inside the livestock.

Drugs have a significant impact on the gut microbiome, but the opposite is also true, gut microbiome has an impact on how the drug fulfills its mission. The onehealth paradigm is once again highlighted as a potential game-changer for treatment efficacy and toxicity elaboration.